| dc.contributor.author | Cohen, Samuel M. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Eisenbrand, Gerhard | |
| dc.contributor.author | Fukushima, Shoji | |
| dc.contributor.author | Gooderham, Nigel J. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Guengerich, F. Peter | |
| dc.contributor.author | Hecht, Stephen S. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Bastaki, Maria | |
| dc.contributor.author | Davidsen, Jeanne M. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Harman, Christie L. | |
| dc.contributor.author | McGowen, Margaret M. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Taylor, Sean, V. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-10-07T16:32:03Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-10-07T16:32:03Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-01 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 0278-6915 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1803/16188 | |
| dc.description.abstract | In 2015, the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) initiated a re-evaluation of the safety of over 250 natural flavor complexes (NFCs) used as flavor ingredients. NFC flavor materials include a variety of essential oils and botanical extracts. The re-evaluation of NFCs is conducted based on a constituent-based procedure outlined in 2005 and updated in 2018 that evaluates the safety of NFCs for their intended use as flavor ingredients. This procedure is applied in the re-evaluation of the generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status of NFCs with constituent profiles that are dominated by alicyclic ketones such as menthone and carvone, secondary alcohols such as menthol and carveol, and related compounds. The FEMA Expert Panel affirmed the GRAS status of Peppermint Oil (FEMA 2848), Spearmint Oil (FEMA 3032), Spearmint Extract (FEMA 3031), Commint Oil (FEMA 4219), Erospicata Oil (FEMA 4777), Curly Mint Oil (FEMA 4778), Pennyroyal Oil (FEMA 2839), Buchu Leaves Oil (FEMA 2169), Caraway Oil (FEMA 2238) and Dill Oil (FEMA 2383) and determined FEMA GRAS status for Buchu Leaves Extract (FEMA 4923), Peppermint Oil, Terpeneless (FEMA 4924) and Spearmint Oil, Terpeneless (FEMA 4925). | en_US |
| dc.description.sponsorship | This work was financially supported by the International Organization of the Flavor Industry (IOFI), the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) and the International Federation of Essential Oils and Aroma Trades (IFEAT). | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Food and Chemical Toxicology | en_US |
| dc.rights | This article is available under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND license and permits non-commercial use of the work as published, without adaptation or alteration provided the work is fully attributed. | |
| dc.source.uri | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027869151930660X?via%3Dihub | |
| dc.subject | Mint essential oils | en_US |
| dc.subject | Dill and caraway essential oils | en_US |
| dc.subject | Pulegone | en_US |
| dc.subject | Natural flavor complex | en_US |
| dc.subject | GRAS | en_US |
| dc.subject | Safety evaluation | en_US |
| dc.title | FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Mint, buchu, dill and caraway derived flavoring ingredients | en_US |
| dc.type | Article | en_US |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110870 | |
